Environmental compliance
Environmental compliance of U.S. facilities
1,689,470 active EPA-regulated sites in the United States: 76,269 with an identified violation, 21,896 in significant violation, $5.02 billion in penalties over five years — EPA ECHO, as of October 18, 2026, every figure linked to its record.
How many facilities in the United States are regulated by the EPA, and how many are in violation (as of October 18, 2026)?
How many active facilities in the United States fall under each EPA program?
A facility can be in several programs.
| Program | Active sites |
|---|---|
| Air (Clean Air Act) | 197,126 |
| Water discharge permits (Clean Water Act, NPDES) | 554,554 |
| Hazardous waste (RCRA) | 906,146 |
| Drinking water systems (SDWA) | 153,771 |
| Toxics Release Inventory reporters | 21,437 |
| Greenhouse gas reporters (GHGRP) | 5,414 |
Which U.S. states have the most facilities in significant violation of EPA rules?
Which large U.S. facilities had the highest environmental penalties in the last five years?
Which large U.S. facilities are in significant violation of EPA rules, with the longest record of violations?
EPA Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO), weekly national export. Counts cover active sites in the Facility Registry Service; inspections, formal actions and penalties cover the last five years, quarters in violation the last three years. The EPA attributes a case that covers several facilities to each of them; area penalty totals here count an amount shared through the same federal case once, facility figures show the amount attributed to that facility. Large facilities are Clean Air Act majors, Clean Water Act majors and large hazardous waste generators or handlers. Source record.
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